Da colonização aos dias atuais.
Spanish explorers reached Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast under Christopher Columbus in 1502, and King Ferdinand later ordered an expedition under Diego de Nicuesa to establish a colony there, but dense jungle, tropical disease, and resistance from native groups doomed the effort. Lasting settlement did not take hold until 1561, when Spanish colonists founded Cartago in […]
Argentina entered the twentieth century as one of the world’s wealthiest nations, its economy driven by agricultural exports and mass European immigration. This prosperity proved fragile: the Great Depression of the 1930s battered the export economy and ushered in a period of political instability, beginning with a military coup in 1930 that ended decades of […]
By 1810, Spain’s grip on its American colonies had weakened considerably after Napoleon’s invasion of the Iberian Peninsula deposed King Ferdinand VII. News of Spain’s political crisis reached Buenos Aires, capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, and prompted a week of public deliberation among city leaders known as the May Revolution, […]
The early twentieth century in Antigua and Barbuda was shaped by a declining sugar economy and the gradual rise of an organized labor movement. Vere C. Bird formed the islands’ first trade union in 1939, and the union’s growing influence carried him into leadership of the Antigua Labour Party, which would dominate local politics for […]
Antigua assumed a status of association with the United Kingdom on 27 February 1967 under the West Indies Act of 1967, gaining full self-government over internal affairs while London retained responsibility for defense and foreign relations. The arrangement fell short of full sovereignty and left unresolved the question of how, or whether, the islands would […]
