Da colonização aos dias atuais.
Suriname’s coast was sighted by Christopher Columbus in 1498, but sustained European settlement did not take hold until 1651, when a group of English planters and enslaved Africans established the colony’s first permanent outpost along the Suriname River. English control proved short-lived: under the 1667 Treaty of Breda, the Dutch acquired the territory from England […]
The Kalinago (Carib) population of Saint Vincent resisted European colonization far longer than most of its Caribbean neighbors, delaying permanent settlement until the early eighteenth century. France established the first colony in 1719 at Barrouallie on the island’s leeward coast, where planters grew coffee, tobacco, indigo, and sugar using enslaved African labor. Intermarriage between Kalinago […]
European powers took a keen interest in Saint Lucia from the early seventeenth century, though initial efforts to establish a foothold met with disaster. English colonists shipwrecked on the island in 1605, and a later group that arrived in 1638, were both driven off by disease and resistance from the island’s Kalinago inhabitants. The French […]
Christopher Columbus sighted the island in 1493 during his second voyage and named it for his patron saint, but permanent European settlement did not begin until 1623, when an English expedition led by Sir Thomas Warner established a colony at Old Road on the island’s west coast. French settlers arrived nearby in 1625 under Pierre […]
Spanish forces led by Francisco Pizarro landed on the northern coast of South America in the early 1530s and, exploiting a civil war within the Inca Empire, captured the Inca ruler Atahualpa at Cajamarca in 1532. Pizarro’s men executed Atahualpa the following year and pressed on to seize the Inca capital of Cuzco, effectively ending […]
