Systems and institutions.
Guatemala’s return to civilian, constitutional government in 1985, following decades of military rule and civil war, ushered in a multiparty electoral system that has remained notably fragmented and volatile. Rather than durable ideological platforms, Guatemalan parties have often formed around individual leaders and dissolved within a few election cycles, producing frequent turnover in the parties […]
Grenada’s party politics since independence from Britain in 1974 has been dominated by a small number of parties. Eric Gairy’s Grenada United Labour Party (GULP) governed the newly independent nation until 1979, when it was overthrown by the Marxist-Leninist New Jewel Movement led by Maurice Bishop, which suspended elections during its four years in power. […]
El Salvador’s modern party system took shape during and after the country’s twelve-year civil war, which ended with the 1992 Chapultepec Peace Accords. The conflict gave rise to the two parties that would dominate national politics for the following decades: the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA), founded in 1981 by figures from the political right, and […]
Ecuador’s return to civilian rule in 1979 ushered in a multiparty democracy that has often been marked by fragmentation and frequent shifts in power. For much of the following decades, no single party consistently held a durable majority, and a series of presidents faced volatile coalitions in the National Assembly. That pattern shifted in 2007 […]
The Dominican Republic’s modern party system emerged after the 1961 assassination of longtime dictator Rafael Trujillo and consolidated through the internationally observed 1966 election. Since then, three parties have dominated the political landscape: the Dominican Revolutionary Party, the Dominican Liberation Party, and the Social Christian Reformist Party. The Dominican Revolutionary Party traces its roots to […]
