Desde la colonización hasta hoy.
Prior to Spanish arrival, the territory now known as Colombia was home to diverse indigenous societies including the Muisca confederation in the highlands, known for sophisticated goldworking traditions that later inspired the legend of El Dorado. Spanish colonization began in the early 16th century, establishing the territory as part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. […]
Prior to Spanish arrival, the territory now known as Chile was home to diverse indigenous peoples including the Mapuche in the south-central region, who successfully resisted full incorporation into the Inca Empire and later mounted centuries of resistance against Spanish colonization. Spanish colonization began in the 1540s, establishing Santiago as a colonial capital, though the […]
The territory now known as Canada was inhabited for thousands of years by hundreds of distinct First Nations, Inuit, and later Metis peoples, each with distinct languages, governance systems, and relationships to the land, from the Arctic to the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. French and British colonization began in the 16th and 17th centuries, with […]
Bolivia’s high plateau, the Altiplano, was home to sophisticated indigenous civilizations for millennia, most notably the Tiwanaku culture that flourished near Lake Titicaca before its decline around the 12th century. The region was later incorporated into the Inca Empire, which organized the highlands into agricultural terraces and administrative centers before Spanish arrival in the 16th […]
Belize was home to the ancient Maya civilization for centuries before European contact, with numerous archaeological sites still visible today, including Caracol and Xunantunich. British settlers, initially drawn by logwood and mahogany extraction, established a colonial presence beginning in the 17th century, and the territory became known as British Honduras. Britain formally declared it a […]
